论哈耶克视域下的社会主义——基于《通向奴役之路》的理解

On Socialism in the Perspective of Hayek——Based on the Understanding of "The Road to Serfdom"

哈耶克是20世纪新自由主义的代表,正是从自由主义原则出发,他完成了对"社会主义"的彻底批判。他将社会主义斥之为等同于法西斯主义的集权主义。他摒弃社会主义经济运行中的"计划"手段,并以此为中心论证社会主义道路最终将导致个人自由的消解,乃至真理的终结,最终将人们引向奴役之路。尽管哈耶克对社会主义极尽批判之言,但其所批判的社会主义却并非科学社会主义,而其论证内容对当代中国社会主义建设却不失借鉴意义。

As one of the representatives of new liberalism in the 20th century, Hayek had thoroughly criticized 'socialism' from the principle of liberalism. He denounced the socialism as equivalent to the fascistic totalitarianism. He abandoned the 'plan' means in the socialist economic operation, and argued that the socialist road would eventually lead to the digestion of individual freedom, and even the end of truth, eventually leading to the road of slavery. Although Hayek criticized socialism at great length,the object was not referred to scientific socialism. However, the content was instructive to the socialist development of contemporary China.