公共政策失效的背后:一个合法性视阈的探析

Behind the Failure of Public Policy:A Perspective of Legitimacy

作为维持公共政策系统有序运作的重要维度,合法性的高低不仅影响政府治理的正当性和有效性,也对政策实际效果产生正负型的向度指引。其中,公共政策的合法性获取离不开对政策主体、政策执行、政策客体的探讨。然而,政策主体的"非市场缺陷"、政策执行的"分裂操作"、政策客体的"低水平参与",成为引致公共政策合法性削弱乃至失效的三大痼疾。要提升公共政策的合法性,需提高政策主体的综合素质与工作能力,优化政策执行的法制环境与监督机制,拓展公民政治参与范围和意识的培育。

As an important dimension to maintain the orderly operation of public policy,legality not only affects the legitimacy and effectiveness of the government,but also the consequence of government policies.The legality of public policy involves the subjects,enforcement,and the objects.However,the non-market nature of the subjects,the split operation during enforcement,and the less effective participation of the objects tend to undermine the effect and even legality of public policies.Therefore,the legality of public policies should be improved,quality of the policy makers upgraded,the legal and supervision environment of policy enforcement be optimized,and citizen participation be cultivated and encouraged.