学校是如何塑造教师的

Ways of Shaping School-teachers

教师是如何塑造而成的,什么机制(包括因素与过程)塑造了教师,一直是教师研究的重要议题。文章以学术研究取向的演变为线索,依次论述了结构-功能取向、互动取向、批判取向和实践取向的教师形塑机制的学术渊源、研究主题、研究方法、研究关系和研究内容,并对这四种取向进行了评议。这四种取向从不同角度深化了人们对教师及其工作的理解,但现有研究未能全面地深入揭示学校中的教师形塑机制,忽略了教师文化的民族历史特征。此外,国内相关经验研究较少,有待进一步加强。

It has been crucial issues that how school-teachers have been shaped into what they are today and what kind of mechanism(including factors and processes) has shaped them. Based on the changes of research approaches, this paper has categorized them into four types: structural-functional approach, interactive approach, critical approach and practical approach. Reviewing their academic origins, topics, methods, objects as well as relations between them, this article has given its opinions about the four types respectively, and believes that even all of them have deepened people's understanding about school-teachers and their work, they failed to reveal the comprehensive mechanism in which school-teachers are shaped and also paid little attention to school-teachers' national and historical features. Since academic studies on these very issues are still not enough and this paper will hopefully make its own contributions.