大学生道德认同现状分析及其培育策略

Current Situation and Improving Strategies of College Students' Moral Identity

目的:探讨大学生道德认同现状。方法:采用Aquino和Reed(2002)编制的道德认同量表和自编一般背景问卷随机测量在校的786名大学生。结果:(1)大学生内隐道德认同显著高于外显道德,大二学生道德认同显著低于大一和大三学生,学生干部的道德认同高于一般同学;(2)大学生道德认同在性别、文理专业、生源地均无差异;(3)班级角色、专业、年级与大学生道德认同(含内化道德认同和象征化道德认同)显著相关,且能够预测道德认同。结论:大学生道德认同水平总体较高,但道德知行脱节现象严重,可以通过特定主题的道德训练策略,或从年级特征、学生组织、校园氛围、社会活动角度出发开展多种形式的培育策略来实现对大学生道德认同水平的提升。

Objective: To investigate the current situation of college students' moral identity. Method: 786 college students were measured by Moral Identity Measure scale(MIM, Aquino and Reed, 2002) and demographic characteristics. Results:(1) Moral identity internalization of College students is significantly higher than their moral identity symbolization. The sophomoric moral identity is significantly lower than that of the freshmen and the junior.(2) Student cadres showed the highest level of moral identity, and no gender, major and hometown difference were found on the moral identity.(3) Moral identity internalization and symbolization are related to class character, major and grade. Conclusion: College students showed higher level of moral identity, but their moral cognition doesn't match moral behavior. This study suggest that it can improve moral identity of college students by moral training strategies with specific topics, and these strategies should be based on their gender, grade, student organization, campus atmosphere and social activities.