基于利水功效组群药物的中药药性规律研究

A Study on Regularity of the Property of Chinese Materia Medica Based on Group Drugs with Diuretic Efficacy

目的探讨利水药物的药性规律,旨在为利水药物药性理论的现代研究和临床筛选使用利水药物提供借鉴。方法从《中华本草》、《现代中药学大辞典》和《中药原植物化学成分集》中选取有明显利水功效的临床常用中药35味,建立利水功效组群中药数据集,运用文献学和现代统计学相融合的研究方法,对其科属、四气、五味、归经、毒性、功效、主治、有效成分进行统计分析与归纳。结果 35味利水功效组群药物中,药性分析以寒性为主要偏性,占71.42%;药味分析排在前两位的依次是苦味(60.00%)、甘味(54.29%);归经排在前两位的依次是归肺经(51.43%)、归肾经(40.00%);毒性分析仅牵牛子、商陆、香加皮3味药有毒性;功效主治分析排在前四位的依次是利水消肿、解毒、清热生津止渴、通淋;有效成分物质基础主要为黄酮类化合物(28.57%)和甾体类化合物(25.71%)。结论初步探讨出利水功效组群中药的药性规律,为中药药性理论体系的现代化研究提供有益借鉴。

ObjectiveThearticleis aimed at discussingregularityof the property of diureticChinesemateria medicaand providing reference for modern researchesondiureticChinesemateriamedicaand selection of clinical treatment.MethodsThisarticleestablishedthe dataset of group drugswithdiureticefficacyby selecting 35 commonly-used clinical ingredients fromChinese Materia Medica, Dictionary of Modern Chinese Medicineand Chemical Components of Source Plants in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Itstatistically analyzedand summarizedthe genus, four properties, five tastes, channel tropism, toxicity, efficiency, major functions and activeingredientsby using the research method of combination ofphilologyand modern statistics.ResultsIn the propertyof drugs,cold, as the main bias, occupiedthelargestproportion of the 35 group drugswithdiureticefficacy71.42%.In the flavor of drugs, the largest proportionswerebitter60.00% and sweet54.29%. In channel tropism analysis, the first twowere lung channel51.43% and kidneychannel 40.00%. In toxicity analysis, onlySemenPharbitidis,RadixPhytolaccae andCortexPeriplocaeweretoxic.The most significant effects inefficacyand major functions analysiswereas follows: the firstwasinducing diuresisandalleviatingedema;the secondwasdetoxification; the thirdwasclearing heat and helpingproduce saliva and slake thirst; the lastonewastreating stranguria. Themainsubstancebasesof the active ingredientswereflavanoid (28.57%) and steroidal compounds(25.71%).ConclusionThis articlemadea preliminary exploration onregularity ofthe property of group drugswithdiureticefficacyand providedreference for the modern researcheson the theoretical system of propertyofChinesemateriamedica.