空指代的控制与“自己”的释义——论英、汉语之间的一些参数差异

Control and the Interpretation of "ziji": Some Parametric Variations between English and Chinese

1.引言 《现代外语》1994年第3期发表了程工的文章《汉语“自己”一词的代词性》,该文所持观点与徐烈炯的(1993)基本一致,即认为“自己”在寻找先行语时不受严格的句法限制,因此堪称“真正的长距离照应语”(徐烈炯,1993:123)。说“自己”具有代词性,这自然符合我们的语感,但仅如此还很不够,关键是要说明“自己”何以会具有这种代词性。“自己”肯定不会完全等同于代词,如程工的例子(12)所示(程工,1994b:

By assuming that 'ziji' in Chinese takes the form of 'PRO/pro -ziji' at D-structure, this paper argues that the long-distance reflexive 'ziji' may not be interpreted by the Binding Theory, but by a theory of Non-argument Control. It also proposes a Non-argument Control Hierarchy parameter, which demonstrates that the differences between English and Chinese with respect to the possible antecedents of reflexives are only the result of parametric variation.