小学儿童对虚假话语间接意义的理解

SCHOOL CHILDREN'S UNDERSTANDING OF INDIRECT MEANING IN FALSE UTTERANCE

探讨了小学儿童对隐含在虚假话语中间接意义的理解特点。结果发现：（１）一年级儿童不能理解虚假话语的非字面意义，三年级儿童才基本上能够理解。（２）小学低年级儿童不能理解虚假话语的间接意义的主要原因是他们不能根据话语与事实不符和说话者知道事实真相来判断说话者说虚假话语的有意性和推论隐含的意义。部分原因可能在于他们没有意识到说话者了解事实真相，因而不知道说话者是故意使用虚假话语的。

This study was to explore the peculiarites of school children's understanding of indirect meaning implied in false utterance. The subjects were 90 pupils of the first,second and third grades. The resultS showed: 1)The children of thd first grade could not understand the indirect meaning in false utterance while those of the third srade were basically able to do so. 2)That the children of the first and second grades were unable to understand the indireCt meaning in false utterance was mainly caused by their lack of the ability to infer the speaker' s intention in false utterance from the inconsistenCy of the utterance and the fact,and the speaker's knowledge about the fact. The sacker's knowledge about thd fact. The tepson might partially be that they were pot awate that the producer of the false utterance had the knowledge of the fact, and consequently they could ngt conclude that the producer uses the false utterappg intqntionally,