在汉字视觉识别中字形和字音作用的实验研究

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE PHONOLOGICAL ROLE IN IDENTIFYING CHINESE CHARACTERS

对高、低频汉字分别进行音同、形似、义近和无关四种条件下的目标字的启动识别和倒掩蔽识别的研究，考察汉字视觉识别中字音、字形的激活和激活点问题。结果证实：（１）在汉字识党识别中，字形不仅参与而且在到达心理词典之前被激活；（２）在汉字视觉识别中字音也参与，但字音不在到达心理词典之前被激活，因而，不存在语音转录现象．汉字视觉识别过程符合“直通假设”；（３）从总的来看，字颇影响汉字视觉识别。

This paper treats of the topic of indentifying Cinese chharacters with priming and retroactive masking words under the four conditions of the same pronunciation,familiar of the same pronunciation, familiar graph, similar meaning and irrelevance. The paper confirms that: 1) DUring the recognition of Cinese characters people not only analyse the grapic features but also actively identify them after they reach the mental lexicon; 2) The phonological features also play a key role in visual identification. But they are not actively identified before reacing the mental lexion. There is no phonological copy process. The visual identification agrees with the 'direct access model'. 3) Generally speaking, the frequency of character appearance affects the identificatin of Chinese characters.