中文阅读之句法分析历程初探

SYNTACTIC PROCESSES IN CHINESE READING: SOME PRELIMINARY STUDIES

该文报告的是香港中文大学心理学系的认知心理实验室中最近完成的两个与句法分析有关的实验。第一个实验探讨阅读中文时词汇、句法以及语意资料之触发和运用的时序问题。第二个实验研究的是中文读者所使用的句法分析策略。在两个实验中，基本的作业是让被试阅读在电脑屏幕上呈现的短文。文中每个字的阅读时间则由电脑记录作为反映阅读理解即时处理历程的指标。文中除了报告实验的结果外，还依据这些结果讨论了读者在阅读中文时所使用的句法分析策略以及句法资料的触发和使用历程。

Syntactic processes in reading Chinese texts were investigated in two esperinemts in which the subjects read short stories for comprehension. By means of a mouse-controlled sequential display technique,the reading time of each individual character was measured as an online indicator of the comprehension processes,The basic manipulation in Experiment I was to change a critical word in a story,so that various combinations of lexical, syntactic, and semantic information were violated. Various types of linguistic information associated with the critical word were distinctively processed on-line during reading for comprehension. In Experiment 2,the possible influences of structural and contextual factors in pronoun assignment were examined. A target pronoun was preferentially assigned to the first possible antecedent, regardless of the comtestual constraints provided. The results are discussed in terms of syntactic processing at and above lexical level during the comprehension of Chinese texts.