湖南资兴西汉墓

WESTERN HAN TOMBS IN ZIXING,HUNAN

1978—1980年,湖南省博物馆为配合资兴东江水电站的基本建设工程,组成东江文物考古工作队,在该县旧市、木根桥两地清理西汉墓256座。参加此次发掘和整理工作的主要人员有傅举有、吴铭生、朱建中、向新民、潘能艳、龚绍祖、陈明庆、杨祖沛、郭民主、吴仕林、冯玛娜、

In 1978—1980,during the construction of the Dongjiang Hydropower Station,256 tombs of the Western Han period at Jiushi and Mugenqiao of Zixing County were exca- vated by the Dongjiang Archaeological Team of the Hunan Provincial Museum and other organizations. The tombs are all earth pits in a rather good preservation.They belong mainly to three types:the simple pit;the rectangular pit with a tomb-passage;and the pit with two chambers along the lengthwise axis and with a tomb-passage.There have been un- earthed 6629 funeral objects,including articles for daily use,implements of production, weapons,coins and ornaments,among which are 5909 pottery vessels,103 bronze objects, 427 iron articles and 190 miscellaneous artifacts.The pottery consists of grey,greyish- white and red clay wares and grey and red sandy ones,and comprises the ding tripod, box,pot,vase,jar,urn,etc.The bronzes are quite poor in texture and thin in body; they have turned dark grey or yellow due to oxygenation,and many parts are missing. Typologically,there are the ding,gui large bowl,xi shallow basin,bowl,fu cauldron, jiaohu wine-warming pot,mirror,weaponry,etc.The irons are large in number and have generally got rusty and broken.Among the types are the fu,its stand,spade,axe, xiao stationery-knife,adze,sword,spear and knife,with the last one being the largest in number.The miscellaneous objects are lead,stone,jade and glass artifacts,bamboo basketry and bronze and iron coins. Analysis of the coins and articles unearthed shows that the tombs can be dated to the time from Emperor Wendi's reign through the Wang Mang period and divided into three phases.As the geographic location of the Zixing area is close to the region south of the Five Ridges,the regional features reflected from the tombs constitute important material for researches on the cultural development of the southern Hunan and northern Guangdong regions in the Western Han period.