汉语“是非问句”与日语“肯否性问句”的比较

1.1 汉语疑问句大致分为:是非问句、特指问句、选择问句、正反问句.日语疑问句大致分为:肯否性问句、内容性问句、选择性问句.

In forming Yes-no questions, the Chinese language relies mainly on the use of '?' and the 'end-of-sentence rising tone' but treats the question word 'ma' (吗) as a supportive element. At the same time, the language places a great restriction on the use of 'ma'. Besides its use as a supportive element, 'ma' can also help to convey the subjective attitude of the message sender as well as the relationship between the message sender and the receiver. However, in 'negative questions' of the Japanese language, '' can be used in all types of questions and has a strong grammatical function. In forming 'negative questions' it has the same importance as the 'end-of-sentence rising tone'. There are certain conditions that decide whether '' or 'end-of-sentence rising tone' should be applied. Besides, '' can help to express a sense sincerity in a sentence. In the 'negative sentences' that end with '' or '' , the '?' and the 'end-of-sentence rising tone' decide the grammatical correctness of the sentences concerned. In the 'negative questions' ending with '' or' ', they play the important role of deciding whether the questions concerned 'require confirmation'.