论图拉比的伊斯兰主义

ON HASSAN AL-TURABI'S ISLAMISM

自1989年6月30日奥马尔·哈桑·艾哈迈德·巴希尔将军执政以来,苏丹政府采取的内外政策染有浓厚的伊斯兰色彩,因而引起世界各国政界和学术界的广泛关注。美国等西方国家甚至认为苏丹是继伊朗之后又一个伊斯兰原教旨主义掌权的国家。人们在追溯苏丹现行政策的理论基础时,经常会提到哈桑·阿布杜拉·图拉比的伊斯兰主义,但对其认识大相径庭,褒贬也不一致。因此,深入地、实事求是地研究图拉比伊斯兰主义,具有重要的现实意义和理论意义。

The content of al-Turabi's Islamism is quite rich,including Islamic state theory, Islamic law theory and Islamic emancipation theory, etc. The political power issues is the nucleus of al-Turabi's Islamism. Al-Turabi's main opinions: The only legitimate state system is the caliph system which integrates religion with politics; The Shura system (consultation) is the reflection of Islamic democracy; State must be based on Sharia (Islamic law)| Development must be linked with Islam so that the Islamic characteristics can be kept while free economic system is carried out. Al-Turabi thinks that the Islamic resurgence is worldwide, and he advocates the establishment of a 'World Common Front' for promoting the development of Islamic cause throughout the world. The primary feature of al-Turabi's theory is to seek understanding and arrive at neutralizing. Due to its strong mild color and political color, al-Turabi's Islamism has now become the theoretic basis of present Sudanese politics and also has produced great impact on the development of modern Islamic movement.