试论非洲国家的金融改革

THE FINANCIAL REFORM IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES

金融与经济发展密不可分,二者相互影响,相互作用。一个效率高、结构合理的金融体系与发达的金融市场对于政府宏观经济政策的实施、经济目标的实现以及资源的合理配置和企业的经营活动都会产生积极的影响。同时,经济的发展能扩大对金融业的需求,并对金融规模的扩大、金融市场的活跃产生有利影响。过去。

Financial reform is an important content of the economic structural adjustment and transformation in the'.African countries which started since 1980s, and has gained some successes, of which the main ones are: the financial systems in the African countries tend to be rationalized, both exchange rate and interest rate has begun to reflect the situation of supply and demand for capital, and the monetary market has shown signs of prosperity, and activity. But there are also a number of problems, such as: there are still defects in the financial management, the financial order is in disarray, the financial reform and fiscal reform donot coordinate well with each other, the monetary policy targets are difficult to achieve, and the inflation is still re'atively high, etc. . Therefore, it is imperative to enhance the Central Bank's supervision and control over the financial institutions; to exercise both limited floating interest rate and exchange rate within a certain time; to coordinate the financial reform with fiscal reform; and to do utmost to curtail the fiscal deficit, reduce inflation and limit the over-speculative activities of the foreign capital in the capital market.