理论的“语句观”与“谓词观”──兼论分析命题与综合命题的划分

Sentece View" and "Predicate View" of Theory ──also on Division between Analytical Proposition and Synthetic Proposition

理论的“语句观”与“谓词观”代表了两种不同的对科学理论的逻辑重建的方法。“语句观”把一个理论看成是一个语句系统，而“谓词观”通常是指定义一个集合式谓词来对理论公理化。本文就此提出一个论点，即理论的逻辑性质与谓词的逻辑性质相似，并据此重新考查了理论与经验证据的关系，进而表明逻辑经验主义的分析一综合范畴对于科学理论的逻辑性质的分析是不适当的。

The 'Sentence View' and 'Predicate View' on theory represent two different approaches of logical reconstruction or scientific theory. The 'sentence view' regards a theory as a sentence system, while the 'predicate view' usually refers to the approach that axiomatizes a theory by defining a collective predicate. On this issue the author puts forth a new argument, i.e., the logic attributes or the theory arc similar to the logic attributes or the predicate and, based thereon, re-examines the relationship between theory and empirical evidence. Moreover, the author points out that the analysis-synthesys category of logical empiricism is not suitable for the analysis or the logical attributes or scientifie theory.