易卜生和《海上夫人》

Ibsen and "A Lady from the Sea

易卜生的后期剧作《海上夫人》是一出寓有诗意的象征主义戏剧。作为一个出色的心理学戏剧家,易卜生深入细致地对女主人公艾梨达的病态心理进行探幽,艾梨达思念陌生人,眷恋大海,实际上是向往自由,在渴望与恐惧,健康与病态的二元对立中,作者注意到自由意识对女性、对婚姻的重要性。剧中那来源于人物主观心理活动的梦幻因素和作为多义性象征的大海,标志着易卜生第一次把戏剧重心从社会批判最大限度地转移到心理分析方面,并对神秘的象征主义表现手段作了进一步的探索。

A Lady from the Sea', a play by Ibsen, is an outstanding dramatic work with poetic symbolism. As a renowned psychological playwright, Ibsen probes into the morbid mentality of the main character Elida. Her longing for strangers and her sentimental attachment to the sea actually symbolize her craving for freedom. The playwright has noted the importance of freedom to women and marriages when the character is strangled in the conflicts of hopes and fears, healthy and morbid mentalities. The daring factors from the character's mental activities and the symbolic sea in the play demonstrate that Ibsen has changed his focus from social criticism to psychoanalysis and has done further research into the mysterious symbolism.