河南汝州李楼遗址的发掘

EXCAVATION OF THE LILOU SITE AT RUZHOU,HENAN

李楼遗址位于河南省汝州市杨楼乡李楼村西约200米,东距县城约23公里,北离汝河约1公里(图一)。遗址附近俗称柏树圪垯,原为一圆形土丘,现在为略高于周围地面的长方形坡地。遗址东西宽240、南北长250米,现存面积约六万平方米。

The Neolithic Lilou site lies about 23 km southwest of Ruzhou City,Henan Provin ce,west of Lilou Village on the southern bank of the Ruhe River,and covers some 60, 000 sq m.It is left from the late Henan Longshan culture. Excavation here in 1991-92 carried out by the First Henan Archaeological Team, IA,CASS resulted in the exposure of an area measuring 300 sq m.There were discovered 6 house-foundations,12 tombs and a large number of pottery,stone,bone,horn and she- ll objects,all belonging to the late Henan Longshan culture.The cultural deposits consist of four layers and fall into an earlier and a later periods,i.e.Lilou Ⅰ (6th and 5th la- yers) and Lilou Ⅱ (4th and 3rd layers).Culturally and chronologically,these are identi- cal to the first and second phases of the Meishan site respectively. In the coarse of excavation the Team applied for the first time the water separation, which led to the discovery of more than 100 grains of carbonized rice in ash-earth of Lilou Ⅰ and Ⅱ.Identi-fication shows them to belong to cultivated rice,either long-grained nonglutinious or round-grained,with a little amount of wild rice mixed in.This offers Important evidence for studying into the origin and domestication of rice in the Neolithic Yellow River valley.