事故驾驶员与安全驾驶员人格特征的比较研究

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERSONALITY TRAITS BETWEEN ACCIDENT DRIVERS AND SAFE DRIVERS

本研究采用柳井晴夫等人编制的新性格检查问卷，对６０名公交车驾驶员的人格特征进行了测量．结果表明：（１）事故组驾驶员与安全组驾驶员在五个人格特征上存在显著性差异，其中事故组驾驶员攻击性、神经质倾向较强，而持久性、协调性和同情性较差．（２）男性事故组驾驶员与安全组驾驶员在四个人格特征上存在显著性差异，其中事故组驾驶员攻击性和神经质倾向较强，但持久性和协调性较差。（３）女性事故组驾驶员与安全组驾驶员在两个人格特征上存在显著性差异，前者较后者攻击性强，但缺乏同情性．（４）性别在１２项人格特征上无显著性差异．本研究结果可为设计制定专门应用于交通领域的人格测验，以及对驾驶员的选拔、培训、教育和管理提供一定的理论依据．

Using the flew Personality Inventory conducted by Haruo Yanal et al., we measured the personality of 60 bus drivers. The results were as follows: 1 ) the differences of five personality traits(sympathy, perseverance, aggressivity, cooperativity and neurosis) between accident drivers and safe drivers were significant. The accident drivers were more aggressive and neurotic, but less sympathetic, perseverant and cooperative ; 2) four personality traits(perseverance, aggressivity,cooperativity and neurosism) which had statistically significant differences between male accident drivers and male safe drivers were found; 3) two personality traits (sympathy and aggressivity) which had significant differences between female accident drivers and safe drivers were found ; 4) sex made no significant difference to personality traits. This study would help us to conduct the personality test to be specifically used in the traffic field and have some significance of giving certain theoretical foundation for selecting, training and guiding drivers.