近代英国大众政治参与的演化(1760—1918)

The Evolution of Popular Political Participation in Modern Britain (1760—1918)

何谓大众政治参与,众说纷纭,定义甚多。亨廷顿称它是公民试图去影响政府决策的行动。安东尼·奥罗姆这样定义:政治参与可以被视为是让人们以各种途径去努力影响政治过程。我们认为,大众政治参与就是一个国家的公民获得政治参与的权利。

The main purpose of this essay is to study the evolution of British popular political participation and its relationship wish the political modernization, In Britain, the popular political participation has been realized through a series of reforms in parliamentary system. In this process, popular political participation has been changed from the type of mobilization to that of autonomy. In other wards, the expansion of popular political participation is not only shown in the increase of quantity, but also in the improvement of quality. Compared with that of the French, the process of the British popular political participation is gradual and non-violent, brings the political stability, promotes the refrom in the political structure and pushes forward the political modernization.