中山市2013年公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生质量分析

Analysis on Hygienic Quality of Central Air Conditioning Ventilation System at Public Places in Zhongshan City in 2013

目的了解中山市公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况,为改善公共场所卫生质量提供科学依据。方法 2013年5—11月,在中山市内随机抽取65间正常使用集中空调通风系统的公共场所进行检测,在每套集中空调通风系统送风口、风管内表面各选择5个采样点进行采样,同时每套集中空调通风系统采集1~2份水样,包括冷却水和冷凝水或两者其中之一。结果中山市公共场所集中空调通风系统的总合格率为53.85%;送风中PM10、细菌总数、真菌总数和β-溶血性链球菌合格率分别为100%、96.70%、94.73%和100%;风管内表面积尘量、细菌总数和真菌总数合格率分别为100%、95.60%和93.41%;冷却水和冷凝水合格率分别为80.90%和97.62%。结论中山市公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生质量不高,存在一定的微生物污染,主要影响因素是细菌总数、真菌总数和嗜肺军团菌。

Objectives To understand the hygienic quality of central air conditioning ventilation systems at public places in Zhongshan,and to provide scientific basis for improving their hygienic quality. Methods Central air conditioning ventilation systems at 65 public places in Zhongshan city were randomly selected in May to November in 2013; samples were collected from 5 air vents and 5 internal surface of ventilation pipes of each system,and one or two cooling water or condensate water samples of each system were determined. Results The qualified rates for central air conditioning ventilation system at public places in Zhongshan city was 53. 85%. The qualified rates for PM10,counts of total bacteria,fungi and β- hemolytic streptococcus were 100%,96. 70%, 94. 73% and 100% respectively. The qualified rates for dusts,bacteria counts and total fungi counts on the internal surface of air pipes were 100%,95. 60% and 93. 41%,respectively. the qualified rates for cooling water and condensate water were 80. 90% and 97. 62% respectively. Conclusions The hygienic quality of central air conditioning ventilation system at public places in Zhongshan city was not optimistic. There were some potential problems on the contamination of microorganism,mainly the total bacteria count,fungi count and legionella pneumophila.