青年急性心肌梗死患者的临床特点

Clinical characteristics of young patients with acute myocardial infarction

目的:分析青年急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者的临床特点,探讨青年AMI患者健康教育的要点,提高患者的疾病知晓程度,改善患者预后。方法:选择中南大学湘雅医院2012年9月至2013年9月收治的AMI患者,查阅病案记录,分析青年组(年龄≤45岁)患者临床特点及冠状动脉造影结果,并与老年组(年龄≥60岁)患者进行比较。结果:青年组AMI患者69例,占同期收治AMI患者的14.2%,其中男性59例(85.5%),女性10例(14.5%)。青年组患者吸烟、饮酒、高血脂、超重比例高于老年组,高血压、糖尿病比例低于老年组。冠状动脉造影提示青年组无意义病变和单支病变构成比高于老年组,双支病变和三支病变构成比低于老年组。结论:青年AMI患者临床特点与老年人不同,应广泛开展健康教育,改善生活方式。

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of young patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), discuss the key points of health education in young patients with AMI, enhance the understanding of patients, and improve the prognosis of AMI in the young patients. Methods: hTe patients were chosen in XiangyaHospital from September 2012 to September 2013. We consulted the medical records, analyzed the clinical characteristics and results of coronary angiogram in young patients (age≤45), and compared with old patients (age≥60). Results: There were 69 young patients with AMI, about 14.2% of all the patients with AMI. Of the 69 young patients, 59 were male (85.5%) and 10 were female (14.5%). Compared with the old patients, the percentages of smoking, drinking, hyperlipidemia and overweight were much higher;the percentages of hypertension and diabetes were much lower in young patients. The coronary angiogram showed that the constituent ratios of insigniifcant disease and single-vessel disease inthe young patients were higher than those in the old patients; the constituent ratios of double-vessel disease and triple-vessel disease in the young patients were lower than those in the old patients. Conclusion: The clinical characteristics of young patients withAMI are different from the old patients.Health education should be conducted in the youth, and new diet and lifestyle should be advocated.