从萧曹为相看所谓“汉承秦制”

The Following of Qin System by Han" as Viewed from Xiao He and Cao Can's Appointment as Prime Ministers

汉承秦制是一个历史事实，但其局面的出现经历了一番曲折反覆。秦亡楚兴以及楚汉之际，秦制几乎被楚制替代。六国制度的复兴是对秦国政治历史和文化进行否定的尝试，其中楚制的复兴尤其值得注意。刘邦集团从楚制向秦制的复归，关键在于刘邦以关中巴蜀为基地东向与楚争天下，而萧何为相是一重要契机。汉制的内在更移与稳定，与萧何、曹参为相关系甚大。汉制是在更高层次上对秦制历史成果的积极继承。

It is a historical fact that Han followed the Qin system, yet such a situation did not come in to being smoothly. The Qin system was almost replaced by the Chu system at the fall of Qin and the rise of Chu, as well as at the transition from Chu to Han. The revival of the systems of the six states was an attempt at negating the political history and culture of Qin, among which the revival of the Chu system demands special attention. The key to the return of the Liu Bang group from the Chu system to the Qin system lies in the fact that they had to move eastward from their base in the Guan Zhong and Ba Shu areas to fight with Chu for control over the whole of China, and in all this Xiao He's appointment as prime minister was an important factor. The internal change and stabilization of the Han system had a lot to do with Xiao He and Cao Can's appoint ment as prime ministers. The Han system was a positive inheritance of the historical achieve ments of the Qin system at a higher level.