古代铁器腐蚀产物的结构特征

The Structural Characteristics of Corrosion Products on the Ancient Ironware

运用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和穆斯堡尔谱分析方法，对河南渑池出土的T1H1∶250汉代铁斧表面腐蚀物进行了研究。提出了铁器文物抗腐蚀的原因在于表面氧化膜具有结构上的连续性、改密而不破损。铁器文物最理想的保存环境应该是碱性、干燥无水、无硫、氯等有害元素。

X-ray diffraction, Scan electron microscope and Mossbauer methods were carried out to study the corrosion products on the T_1H_1: 250 ancient ironaxe surface. The results revealed that an unwelcome corrosion products FeOOH was found which occurs in the damp conditions, this process is commonly called' electrochemical corrosion'. Only oxidation, however,because of favorable dryness circumstances, was happened. The continuous and dense iron oxide films which appears cubic, spinel structure was formed, this course generally is Fe→FeO→Fe_3O_4→Fe_2O_3. So the authors proposed that if once an ironware cultural relics was excavated,the heavy porous corrosion products have to stripped and dry it as soon as possible. On the basis of the analysis results, the authos iofer that the ironaxe has quench within the limewash at the later stage of making. As a results of quenching, not only increase the axe strength, but also can improve the films compactness. It is helpful for the corrosion resistant. The authors suggested that the perfect environment factors for preservation the ironware cultural relics should be alkaline, desiccant and non-existent of elements sulfur and chlorine.