体育运动中情绪的归因解释——体育运动相关情绪的中德跨文化研究

An Attributional Explanation of Emotions in Sports—A Cross-Cultural Study on Sport Relevant Emotions Between Germany and China

本文旨在探讨体育竞赛情境中,中、德被试者的典型情绪体验是否有差异,并检验维纳理论提出的归因——情绪关系假设是否在中、德被试者身上得到证实。三个连续的比较研究借助手开放式问卷、Likert量表及拉塞尔的CDS进行。被试者包括两国的体育专业学生与高中生。研究结果显示:在一些与体育相关的重要情绪上,如愤怒、内疚、报怨等,存在着跨文化差异。维纳理论的一些重要假设被证实。

The purposes of this cross-cultural study were to investigate the difference between German and Chinese in their emotional experience in sport competitive situations, check the attribution-emotion relationship postulated Weiner in Chinese culture, and compare the findings gained in China with the German model.The results showed that there existed cross-cultural differences in some important emotions relevant to sport between the two nations,especially in negative emotions such as anger,guilt and complaint. Some of Weiner's important hypotheses were confirmed in this study.