我国优秀田径全能运动员子项训练结构初探

A Preliminary Inquiry into the Sud-Event Training Structrue of China’s Top All-Rounders

以我国优秀田径全能选手的训练实践为基础,结合田径全能多个子项组合的特征,提出了子项训练结构的理论。揭示了我国优秀田径全能选手各子项在多年和大赛年中训练积极性安排的一般趋势;系统地研究了各子项的周、课训练中的训练搭配;比较分析了中外优秀田径全能选手子项训练安排的特点。研究结果表明:在多年训练中,各子项技术训练安排的重要程度具有明显的项群特点,并表现出显著的阶段性特征;在大赛年训练中其重要程度的安排则趋于均衡。基本训练周的中腹部技术与素质训练并重,而比赛周的中腹部则重点进行素质训练;在课训练中存在着最佳及良性组合两种模式。

Based on the practical training of China's top track and field all-rounders and in combination with the characteristics of all-round polyevent composition,the theory of subevent training structure was put forward in which the general tendency of the arrangement of each sub-event in accordance with its importance in both major competition year and manyyears period was brought to light,the training collocation of each sub-event on a week and class-hour basis was systematically invetigated,and characteristics of both Chinese and world top all-rounders' sub-event training arrangement were comparatively analyzed.The study revealed that in many-years period the arrangement of the importance for technical training of each sub-event was evidently featured by sub-event guoup and phase,while in competition year the arrangement tended to be balanced.In basic training week,the technical training and diathesis training were of equal importance,yet in competition week,the diathesis training was emphasized;in class-hour tuaining,two arrangement modes existed which were the best and the good combination.