文化对话与文学人类学的可能性

Cultural Dialogue and the Possibility of a Literary Anthropology

本文通过对２０世纪的文学研究——特别是比较文学发展脉络的历史回顾，提出在文化对话的广阔背景上建立文学人类学的可能性，以期为未来的比较文学和文学理论确认中远期目标。从文化人类学对文学创作和文学研究的双重影响着眼，比较文学作为通向文学人类学的必由之路，作为加强文化交往与沟通、克服民族中心主义心理障碍、确立文化相对论平等对话观的有效途径，已日益变得明确和必要。随着后殖民时代多元对话的展开，文学研究本身获得了发掘文学艺术的人类学价值。

AbstractThrough a historical review of literary studies in the 20th century, and of the developmentof comparative literature in particular , this paper proposes the possibility of establishing a literaryanthropology in the wide context of a cultural dialogue , in order to define the medium and longterm aime of comparative literature and literary theory in the future. As far as the influence ofcultural anthropology on literary creation and literary studies is concerned , comparative literatureis becoming increasingly necessary and clearly defined as a the only road to a literary anthropologyand as an effective means of promoting cultural exchange and communication , of overcoming psy-chological barriers of national centrism and of forming an outlook of equal dialogue of cultural rel-ativism. With the development of the pluralistic dialogue in the postcolonial period , literary stud-ies have assumed a new mission of seeking the anthropological value of literature and art and ofpromoting the bridging and integration of human literary experiences.