论文学的独立和自觉非自魏晋始

The Independence and Self-Awareness of Literature Do Not Date Back to the Wei and Jin Dynasties

本文不同意鲁迅先生所提出、并为多家所沿用的文学的独立和自觉始自魏晋的说法，认为从文学观念的发展演进、专业文人创作的出现和专业文人队伍的形成、多种文学体裁在汉代的发展和成熟、汉代文学理论批评发展的特点等方面来看，文学的独立和自觉有一个较长的发展过程，它从战国后期开始初露端倪，到西汉中期已经相当明确，这个过程的完成可以刘向对图书的分类作为基本标志。

The author opposes the idea originated with Lu Hsun and subscribed to by various writers that the independence and self-awareness of literature date back to the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Judging from the evolution of literary conceptions, the emergence of writing by professional men of letters and the formation of a contingent of professional men of letters, the development and maturity of various llterary genres in Han Dynasty, and the characteristics of the development of literary theory and criticism in Han Dynasty, the author believes that the independence and self-awareness of literaure came into being by a long process of develpment: this independence and self-awareness emerged in the late Warring States period and became well-established in the middle period of West Han. The completion of the process was marked basically by Liu Xiang's classification of books.