医院建筑运营阶段环境影响评价综述

Study on the EMSEI of healthcare facilities in Operation Phase

医疗建筑由于其高能耗、高碳排放的特性,其对环境所造成的影响不容忽视,而建筑运营阶段的能耗高达全生命周期总能耗的75%。目前国内鲜少有研究提出医院在使用阶段对环境的污染评价指标体系,而已有的评价体系研究和应用对象大多是针对住宅建筑。医疗建筑功能较一般房屋建筑复杂,对于其环境影响评价技术则有特殊需求,然而相关基础研究仍显不足。为了降低医院建筑对环境所造成的负荷、供管理使用者监测与管理能耗与污染,分析了适用于医院建筑运营阶段的评价体系。总结比较以往文献及现有评价体系,制定适用于运营阶段医院建筑的环境影响评价指标体系框架,为未来相关研究提供科学基础。

Healthcare facilities have a significant impact on the environment due to its characters of high energy consumption and high carbon emissions. It is reported that energy consumption of a building in its operation phase account for 75% in the entire life cycle. Currently, little research develops evaluation metric systems for environmental impact (EMSEI) of healthcare facilities in China. Although many studies concluded EMSEI, those were developed for residential buildings. The functions of healthcare facilities are much more complex than residential buildings and therefore, special requirements are required for EMSEI of healthcare facilities. Nonetheless, relevant research is still insufficient. Development of an evaluation system of healthcare facilities is crucial to measure their impact to the environment. This study developed an appropriate EMSEI of healthcare facilities with current research outcomes as a basis of further research.