中国油气区大地构造的历史因果论分析

HISTORISTIC-CAUSATIONIST ANALYSIS OF THE OIL AND GAS BEARING REGIONS OF CHINA

依历史因果论大地构造学观点,就体现历史特点的大地构造体制来说,可将中国的油田划分为地槽型,地台型及地洼型三种类型,以现阶段的动力环境而论,则可将中国油气区划分为地幔汇聚型油气域和地幔扩散型油气域,并可进一步暂分为四大油气区,即陆缘海扩张型壳体油气大区,东部拉张型壳体油气大区,中部张一压型壳体油气大区和西部挤压型壳体油气大区,各大区成油气建造组合的大地构造类型,油气形成条件、油气藏类型、产出特点及分布规律等方面均有较大的差异。这些差异与各壳体的大地构造演化历史、壳体运动过程和动力学性质,以及各壳体的深部地质条件有密切关系。

The oil and gas fields of China may be classed using either of two schools of tectonic thought:historistie or cansationist.For example,in terms of the historistie ap- proach,one has geosynclinal,platformal,and geodepressional(diwa)tectonic classes.In terms of the causationist approach which emphasizes the present tectonic setting,the oil and gas regions maybe differenti- ated into regions which exhibit products of convergent or divergent processes. From an integrated historistic-causationist geotectonic viewpoint,four principle megaregions may be defined which differ with respect to types,occurrence peculiarities,and distribution patterns of oil and gas accumulations.The megaregions are:1.epicontinental sea,spreading-type crustobody,2.eastern tensional-type crustobody,3.central tension-compressional-type crustobody,and 4.western compressional-type crustobody.These megaregions differ in the histories of the tectonic evolution of the crustobodies,the processes and dynamic characteristics of the movements of ctnstobodies,and the deep geological conditions of crustobodies.