分析发电机定子端部事故的几个问题

Several Problems about Analyzing the Accidents at the Stator End Regions of the Turbogenerators

当发电机定子端部发生事故,在分析事故的首发原因时,常常引发制造工作者和运行工作者之间长时间的争论。因为在事故后发电机端部的损坏这样严重,以致难于找出事故的真实原因。大多数这类事故的罪魁祸首不是绝缘,而绝缘却是受害者。文中除强调上述观点外,清楚地描述了两类事故(单纯的绝缘击穿短路和长期过热损坏绝缘后的短路)后端部残留物在形貌上的不同。为便于区分这两类事故,文中提出了一初步的分析判断依据。只要对残留物进行仔细的考察并紧密地与判据相对照,这些事故的首发原因就不难找出。作为实例本文对国内200MW汽轮发电机的19次事故进行了调查分析。

When there happens a short circuit accident at the stator region of turbogenerator, analysis of the first cause of the accident usually wastes a long time for debating between the manufacturers and operators of the generator, since the end region may be damaged too seriously,so that find the real cause of the accident difficultly. In the developing of the accident, many insulation failures are victims and not arch-criminals. In addition to emphasizing the point of view mentioned above, are clearly described the differences of the shape and condition of the remains of the two kinds of accident—short circuit by insulation breakdown only and short circuit with a long time of overheat in this paper. In such condition are indicated some primary criterias for easier differentiating of the accidents. By careful examination of the remains and closely attaching to these criterias, the first cause of these accidents will be found without any trouble. As examples, about 19 accidents of 200MW generator in Chinese systems have been examined.