5Gage, N. L. . The paradigm wars and their aftermath: A historical sketch of research on teaching since 1989[J]. Educational Researcher, Oct. (1989) : 4 - 10.
6Polkinghorne, D. . Methodology for the Human Sciences : System of itutuiry [ M ]. Albany : State University of New York Press, 1983.
7Smith, L. & Heshusius, L. . Closing down the conversation: The end of the quantitative - qualitative debate among educational inquirers [ J]. Educational Researcher, 19(1986) : 4 - 12.
8Bryant, C. G. A. . Positivism in social theory and research [ M]. St. Martin' s Press New York, 1985.
9Jacob, E. . Clarifying qualitative research: A focus on traditions [ J ]. Educational Researcher, 17 ( 1 )(1988): 16-24.
10Smith, L.. Publishing qualitative research [ J].American Educational Research Journal, 24 ( 2 ) ( 1987 ) :173 - 183.