城市工业遗留地土壤重金属污染及修复研究

Metal Contamination and Remedy of Urban Soils in Typical Industrial Area

随着城市产业结构和用地规划调整,一些工业用地正逐步规划成为市民服务的公共绿地。为了解上海市工业遗留地重金属污染状况,选择上南船厂、浦东钢铁有限公司、港口机械制造厂和江南造船厂为对象进行调查和研究。结果表明,研究区域的土壤受到不同程度的Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd污染。污染程度根据土壤中重金属含量对植物的毒害阈值划分为5个等级。上南船厂表现为Zn单一极重污染及Zn/Cu极重、Cu/Pb重度复合污染;浦东钢铁有限公司部分土壤表现为Zn和Pb单一极重污染及Zn/Cu/Pb/Cd重度复合污染;港口机械制造厂以中等Cu/Pb/Cd污染和重度Zn/Cu/Pb/Cd污染为主;江南造船厂则表现为Cu单一极重污染及Zn/Cu/Pb/Cd重度复合污染的特点。最后针对土壤的各种污染类型和污染程度分别提出相应的修复建议。

With the development of urbanization and urban planning, some industrial areas should be moved to make the space for public use.In order to know the state of heavy metal contamination in the soils of industrial areas of Shanghai,4 typical industrial enterprises were investigated and assessed in this study.The results indicated that Zn,Cu,Pb and Cd pollution was serious and classified into 5 degrees according to toxic threshold to plants.The Shanghai Shipyard indicated extremely-high single contamination by Zn,combined contamination by Zn and Cu and heavy pollution by Cu and Pb.Some area in Pudong Iron and Steel Company Ltd.indicated an extremely heavy pollution by Zn and Pb,respectively while others were found to be polluted by high levels of combined Zn,Cu,Pb and Cd.The Port Machinery Plant showed a middle combined pollution by Cu,Pb and Cd or by high levels of combined Zn,Cu,Pb and Cd.The Jiangnan Shipyard was polluted by extremely high levels of Cu and Zn,Cu,Pb and Cd with combination.Remedy suggestion was also proposed in the paper.