3～6岁幼儿同伴交往能力的结构与发展特点

On the Structure and Development Features of Social Competence with Peers of 3-6-year Children

本研究采用随机抽样法对上海市15所幼儿园小、中、大班共199名幼儿同伴交往能力的结构及其发展特点进行了研究。结果表明:(1)幼儿同伴交往能力的内部结构可分解为四个维度:社交主动性、亲社会性、语言与非语言能力以及社交障碍。(2)幼儿同伴交往能力随着年龄的增长而逐渐提高,其中发展最快的是小班到中班阶段,大班幼儿与中班幼儿的同伴交往能力无显著差异。(3)幼儿同伴交往能力的发展存在显著的性别差异。

The researcher randomly selected 199 children of different levels of class from 15 kindergartens in Shanghai to examine children’s structure and development features of social competence with peers.Results show that 1)four dimensions in the inner structure are defined,namely,initiative of association,prosocial action,verbal and nonverbal ability to associate and obstacles to association; 2)the social competence with peers develops gradually with increasing of age with the fastest growth occurring during middle class while senior class doesn’t show noticeable superiority over middle class; 3)development of social competence with peers shows prominent sexual difference.