中亚宗教问题的经济分析

Economical Analysis upon Mid-Asian Religious Issue

本文首先在介绍了中亚地区宗教发展状况的基础上,将中亚地区宗教的复兴和发展分为4个阶段。第一阶段:从苏维埃政权建立到20世纪60年代中期,为中亚人宗教意识淡化时期;第二阶段:从60年代中期到80年代中期,为中亚地区宗教活动活跃时期;第三阶段:80年代中期戈尔巴乔夫的"民主化"和"公开化"运动,使宗教在中亚的恢复加快;第四阶段:90年代初中亚各国独立后宗教势力飞速发展。接着引入这4个阶段这一地区的经济因素,对宗教与经济关系作实证分析,从而印证了这一结论:这一地区宗教复兴、发展的阶段性与各个时期以经济为基础的国力相关,而宗教极端势力与该地区经济发展呈负相关。论题的现实意义在于说明,我国解决宗教问题的根本方式应是:加快边疆少数民族地区经济发展,改善信教群众生活,提高信教群众的科学文化素质,使国外敌对势力失去群众基础。

The present paper focuses on the current religious situation of Mid-Asia first and goes on to divide the religious history into 4 stages.The 1st is the period of weakened religious consciousness and ranges from the start of Soviet Government to mid-1960s;the 2nd period of vigorous religious activities,ranges from mid-1960s to mid- 1980s;the 3rd period of accelerated religious growth in Mid-Asia with the"Democratization"and"Open-up"campaigns by Gorbachev,starts from mid-1980s;and the 4th starts from early 1990s with newly-independent countries boosting the fast religious growth.Based on the 4-stage growth proposition,the paper conducts empirical analysis of the relationship between religious activities and the economic development by relying on the economic elements of each stage.The empirical analysis concludes that the periodical growth and revival of the religion in Mid-Asia is closely related to the economy-based national strength of each stage;while the religious extremism is negatively related to the economic development.The practical implication of the paper exists in the basic approach to solving the current religious issue of our country,boosting the economic development of minority areas and improving the living and educational standards of religious believers to undermine the ground of foreign hostilities.