台风登陆区居民台风灾害脆弱性调查分析

The Analysis of Typhoon-prone Areas Residents' Vulnerability of Typhoon Disaster

目的了解台风登陆区居民的台风灾害应对行为,为区域性减灾政策的制定提供依据。方法采用自制台风登陆区居民台风脆弱性调查问卷对台风登陆区129名居民进行调查。结果 56.6%的调查对象文化程度为不识字或者小学;64.3%的调查对象职业为农民;52.7%的调查对象收入≤1500元/月;95.5%的调查对象认为,当地发生台风灾害的可能性很大或者大;10.1%的居民清楚知道灾前能够采取哪些措施来防范台风灾害带来的损失;49.9%的居民愿意自费做防灾准备;53.5%的居民认为国家应该建立巨灾保险,38.8%的居民愿意与政府一起购买灾害保险。结论台风登陆区居民台风灾害暴露性较大,灾害的防御能力和灾后恢复能力较差,台风登陆区居民台风灾害脆弱性较大。

Objectives To investigate typhoon-prone areas residents' vulnerability of typhoon disaster,and to provide advice on natural disaster mitigation policy. Methods 129 residents living in the typhoon-prone areas were investigated by questionnaire.Results 56.6% of the investigators' education background were primary education or illiterate,64.3% were peasants,52.7% of them living with income lower than 1500yuan/month,95.5% held that their chances of exposing to typhoon are higher ,only 10.1% knew how to take effective measures to manage the typhoon disaster,49.9% were willing to take preparation measures for typhoon by themselves,53.5% thought that catastrophe insurance should be provided,38.8% thought that government should pay catastrophe insurance premium with residents.Conclusions Residents in typhoon-prone areas have higher chance exposing to typhoon and their capability of defense and recover from the typhoon disaster are weak. The typhoon-prone area residents' vulnerability of typhoon disaster is higher.