轮盘碎片撞击圆筒体的试验研究

Experimental Study of Cylindrical Case Impacted by Disk Fragments

为了避免轮盘破裂失效引起的非包容事件,有必要对圆筒体机匣壳体的包容性进行试验研究,了解机匣受撞击、变形和撕裂过程。在浙江大学高速旋转实验室的ZUST1型转子高速旋转试验台上进行轮盘碎片的包容性试验。试验前,在轮盘120°的3个对称位置切割预制裂纹,使轮盘在预定的转速下发生破裂;计算机自动监控系统记录轮盘破裂瞬时的转速。试验结果表明:轮盘碎片以相同的瞬时转速撞击不同厚度的包容筒体时,筒体发生非常明显地不同的破坏方式,对于薄壁筒体的失效方式有剪切、拉伸破坏和大量塑性变形,而厚壁筒体则以整体塑性变形为主。采用非线性有限元软件MSC.Dy-tran进行数值仿真计算,获得与试验基本一致的结果。这表明,非线性有限元法可以作为轮盘包容结构设计的一个有效工具。

In order to avoid disk failure to cause uncontained accidents,the containment capability of cylindrical case to the disk frgments must experimentally be investigated,and the impact,deformation,penetration or perforation of the case must be studied in detail.The results of three containment tests of disk fragments were proposed by the ZUST1 high-speed rotor spin testing facility in High-speed Rotating Machinery Laboratory of Zhejiang University.Before testing,the prefabricating cracks were cut at three positions separated in 120° to make the disk cracked at the predicted speed;a special automatic control and monitor system was used to record the instantaneous rotating speed as the disk was bursted.The tested results show that,when the disk fragments impact the cylindrical case of the different wall thicknesses at the same instantaneous speed,the different failure modes of the case occur obviously,in which the failure modes of the thin wall case are shearing,tensioning and plastic deformation,the mode of the thick is whole plastic deformation.The numerical simulations were correspondingly carried out using the nonlinear finite element method MSC.Dytran to study the impact process and failure mode.The simulated results show a good agreement with the test results,which indicates that nonlinear finite element method can be used as a reliable tool for containment structure design of disk fragments.