生物质超临界水气化制氢中催化剂的研究进展

Progress in catalysts for hydrogen production by biomass supercritical water gasification

生物质超临界水气化制氢具有高的气化率和产氢率,反应不生成焦油、木炭等副产品。因此超临界水气化制氢是很有发展前途的方法。本文介绍了超临界水气化制氢过程中催化剂研究的最新进展,包括碱性催化剂、金属催化剂、金属氧化物催化剂以及矿石类催化剂,同时介绍了这几种催化剂的反应机理。金属催化剂具有明显高的产氢率和低温催化能力,将是今后发展的重点。

Biomass supercritical water gasification(SCWG) is a highly promising technology for hydrogen production because of its high efficiency of hydrogen production and little byproducts such as tar,charcoal and so on.In this paper,the latest researches in catalysts for biomass SCWG process,including alkali catalysts,metallic catalysts,metallic-oxide catalysts and ore catalysts,are reviewed.In addition,the reaction mechanisms of some catalysts are introduced.Future research should be focused on metallic catalysts because they have obviously higher efficiency of hydrogen production and can play role at low temperature.