南京大气总悬浮微粒理化特性研究

Study on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Total Suspended Particles in Nanjing

利用1997～1999年在南京得到的大气气溶胶观测资料,分析了南京大气总悬浮微粒(TSP)的物理化学特性,包括质量浓度,吸收系数,光学折射指数虚部和化学组成,通过元素富集因子统计处理和元素相关分析,探讨了TSP元素的富集特征和污染来源,结果表明,不同季节、不同地点气溶胶粒子存在明显的物理化学性质差异,两地气溶胶光学吸收系数,光学折射指数虚部存在差异并呈现明显的季节变化,两地的总悬浮微粒均以地壳元素为主成分,根据元素富集因子分析,南京市大气TSP中富集程度较富的元素是Pb,Zn,S,As,主要来自燃煤烟尘.Pb也有部分来自机动车尾气排放.Zn部分来自废气物燃烧.

Physical and chemical characteristics of total suspended particles(TSP) were analyzed,including mass concentration,absorption coefficient,optical refraction index imaginary unit and chemical composition based on observational data of atmosphere aerosol in Nanjing from 1997 to 1999.Enrichment characteristic of TSP elements and sources of pollution were discussed via statistical treatment of enrichment factor of elements and correlation analysis.The result showed that aerosol particles had remarkable differences in physical and chemical properties.There were notable season differences in optic absorption coefficient and imaginary unit of optical refraction index between the two sites(Maigao Bridge and Gate of China).Components of TSP were based on elements of crust between the two sites.The enrichment elements of TSP were Pb,Zn,S and As by analyzing enrichment factor,which mainly came from burning coal.Pb partly came from tail discharge of automobiles and Zn partly from burning of waste gas.