汉语“是”和“连”标记的焦点成分语音特征研究

Phonetic properties of "Shi" and "Lian" marked constituents in Chinese

该研究通过声学实验系统地考察了汉语中由"是"和"连"标记的焦点成分的语音特征。研究指出:1)由"是"和"连"所标记的焦点成分,对音高和时长作用的相同点表现在,将焦点位置音高显著抬高,时长显著拉长,将焦点后成分音高显著压低;2)这两类焦点成分可以与窄焦点实现叠加,叠加的焦点比句法标记焦点,或窄焦点对音高和时长的作用更为显著;3)这两类句法标记的焦点,可以与窄焦点在同一个句子中的不同位置,实现音高突显;4)"是"和"连"所标记的焦点成分语音特征的差异性表现在,"是"所标记的焦点,强度比"连"标记的成分强:对音高和时长的抬高和拉长作用更显著。

The present study uses acoustic experiments to systematically investigate the phonetic properties of shi and lian marked constituents in Standard Chinese.The results show that both shi and lian raise the pitch register and lengthen the duration over the focused constituents,as well as compressing the pitch register on constituents after the focus.In addition,both focus markers can be combined with the wh-elicited narrow focus to induce more obvious changes in the raised pitches and lengthen durations.These two syntactic focus markers can also co-exist with the wh-elicited narrow focus in which case only the pitch is raised.Finally the difference between the narrow syntax-marked focus and the wh-elicited focus can co-exist with each other on different constituents to raise the pitch.The difference between the shi-marked focus and the lian-marked focus lies in their different magnitudes of pitch changes and durations.The shi-marked focus introduces a more salient pitch and durational increase than the lian-marked focus.