中国野生大豆(G.soja)脂肪含量的多样性及地理分布

POLYMORPHISM AND GEOGRAPHICAI DISTRIBUTION OF CONTENT OF WILD SOYBEAN (G. soja) IN CHINA

根据原产中国各地5147份野生大豆种子的脂肪含量分析结果,发现:1.脂肪含量与百粒重呈极显著正相关(r=0.9404^(***))。2.4162份野生型(百粒重≤2.5g)脂肪含量为9.23％,542份半野生Ⅰ型(百粒重2.51—5g)为13.01％,443份半野生Ⅱ型(百粒重>5g)为15.23％。3.野生型脂肪含量与原产地经度(°E)呈显著负相关(r=-0.8862^(**)),与原产地纬度呈单峰曲线关系,高峰区出现在38°N。4.野生型脂肪含量最高区出现在中国西北高原区(38—39°N,104—109°E),其次为西南的西藏和云南高原区。低区出现在东北地区和29°N以南地区。5.半野生型大豆脂肪含量与纬度间呈双峰曲线关系,双峰间的低谷与野生型的高峰区接近。6.讨论了野生大豆脂肪含量与Soja亚属大豆的进化、起源地之间的可能联系。

Fat contents of 5147 wild soybean accessions in China were analyzed. The results showed that ; 1. Fat content was significantly positively related to 1 0 0 seed weight ( r = 0.9409**).2. Fat content of 416 2 wild type germplasms (100 seed weight < 2. 5 g ) was 9.23%, that of 544 semi -wild type I (100 seed weight 2. 61 - 5. 0g) was 13. 0% of 433 semi -wild tybe II (100 seed weight>0. 5g) was 15. 23%. 3. Fat content of wild type was significantly negatively related to east longitude (r = 0. 8862* * ), and the relationship with the latitude (°N) performed on mono -peak curve manner, the peak region was located at 38°N. 4. The peak region of fat content of wild type soybean was located in the plateau region of Northwest of China (38-39°N,104 -109°E) ,and then the plateau of Tibet and Yunnan provinces. The low far content region was in Northeast and south of 29°N. 5. Relationship between the fat content of semiwild soybeans and latitude tallied with two - peak curve. The low gulf region between the two peaks of semi-wild type was near the peak region of that of wild type. 6. The relation between fat contents and evolutionary process within subgenus Soja was discussed.