控制城市形态的可持续发展原则

Sustainable Principles of Urban Development Pattern

21世纪城市规划设计的原则是以可持续的城市为主题。可持续性包括了经济、社会和环境的内容,而可持续发展的主要问题是大运量公共交通的通达性。国际比较研究表明,城市形态与交通模式之间的关系是造成城市发展偏离的主要因素之一。人们已经意识到可持续发展的城市必须综合考虑密度、区位和交通体系的密切关系,形成一种适宜的城市形态完全依靠它们之间的相互关系。我们必须注意到,新城市主义出现的原因是为了解决北美传统的城市蔓延和郊区化问题,使城市发展具有可持续性。新城市主义有两个重要内容。一是梯度方法,二是城市规范指标。

The principal of urban planning and design preoccupation in the 21st century is sustainable cities. Sustainability has economic,social and environmental dimensions. The key issue of sustainability is accessibility to public transit. The international comparisons show that the key point of departure of urban development is the relationship between urban form and mode of travel. It has been widely realized that sustainable urban forms have considered the closed relationship between density,location,and movement systems to combine to produce appropriate urban forms. It has to be realized that the New Urbanist movement particularly counterposed to traditional North American residential subdivisions and expansion to have more sustainable urban form. There are two key elements of New Urbanism,one is the Transect,the second one is the Code.