通过辩论做规划:规划理论中的交往转向

Planning Through Debate:the Communicative Turn in Planning Theory

本文提出了一种规划方法,它的目的是在当代发达的经济条件和形形色色的社会结构条件下发掘规划的民主潜力。在这样的社会里任何与规划相关的主张都需要应对挑战,这些对规划思想的挑战来自于公共政策中经济评价的复兴,更根本地说,来自于对科学理性主义的后现代哲学批判。本文认为凭借技术、道德与表现美学的实践和理解方式,哈贝马斯关于各种话语群体之间的主体间理性的概念,可以为建立规划行为的模式与惯例指明一个方向,这些模式与惯例适合社会探求达成"求同存异"的进步方法。本文通过引用当代规划理论界许多研究成果,勾勒出上述方法的轮廓,以及它对当前环境规划实践的启示。

This article proposes an approach to planning which aims to realise the democratic potential of planning in the contemporary conditions of societies with developed economies and diverse social structures. Any claim for the relevance of planning in such societies has to confront the challenges to the planning idea from both the resurgence of economic evaluation within public policy,and,more fundamentally,the philosophical post-modernist critique of scientific rationalism. It is argued in this article that the Habermasian conception of inter-subjective reasoning among diverse discourse communities,drawing on technical,moral and expressive-aesthetic ways of experiencing and understanding,can provide a direction for the invention of forms and practices of a planning behaviour appropriate for societies which seek progressive ways of collectively' making sense together while living differently'. The article draws on the work of a number of contemporary writers in the field of planning theory to present an outline of such an approach,and its implications for the contemporary practices of environmental planning.