摘要
潜在蒸散量和干湿指标的分析对于地表水资源的多少和干旱灾害分析都有重要意义,本文利用阿尔山市气象局有关资料,分析了近37a来地表潜在蒸散量和湿润指数的变化特征。结果表明:①20世纪80年代以来,受全球气候变暖的影响,阿尔山市地表年均潜在蒸散量一直呈增大的趋势。②21世纪以来,湿润指数呈急剧下降的趋势,年均湿润指数与降水量的转折是同步的,年潜在蒸散量与年平均气温转折时间是一致的。③湿润指数分析显示,春秋季最干燥,容易发生旱灾,其次是夏季和冬季。④从对湿润指数(K)、潜在蒸散量(Eti)、年降水量(R)、年平均气温(T)的变化趋势来看,阿尔山市干旱化有加重的趋势,降水有集中的趋势,阶段性干旱有增多、加重的趋势。
It is important that the analysis of the potential evapotranspiration and surface dry/humid index,which helps analyzing the surface water resources quantity and drought events.In the paper,the basic meteorological observation data of recent 37 years in Aershan Meteorological Bureau were used for analyzing the variations of the surface potential evapotranspiration characteristics and the humid index.The result indicated that: ① caused by the global warming influence,the annual average surface potential evapotranspiration had continuously been in an increase trend since 1980s in Aershan.② because the precipitation decreased and the potential evapotranspiration increased,the humid index had suddenly been in a decrease trend since the 21st century,the annual average humid index jump and the precipitation jump was consistent,the annual potential evapotranspiration change was consistent with the temperature change.③ the humid index analyses showed that it was driest in autumn and spring,and apt to have the drought events,the next was in summer and winter.④ from the trend analysis of the humid index(K),potential evapotranspiration(Eti),annual precipitation(R),annual mean temperature(T),the climate arid gets the aggravation tendency in Aershan,the precipitation get the concentration trend,stage arid was an aggravation and in an increase trend,thus would cause the ecological environment to have the worse trend in Aershan.
出处
《中国农业气象》
CSCD
2009年第S2期246-250,共5页
Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology
基金
兴安盟气象局科研项目"阿尔山市地表干湿分布特征及其与生态环境的关系"(2008-5)
关键词
潜在蒸散量
湿润指数
干湿分布
突变
Potential evapotranspiration
Humid index
Dry/humid distributed
Characteristics jump