青岛南部近海春、秋季浮游植物群落结构的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Phytoplankton Community Structure in Coastal Waters South of Qingdao in Spring and Autumn

分析了2007年春季(3月)和秋季(11月)在青岛南部近海进行调查所采集的样品,对调查海域的浮游植物群落的物种组成,优势种分布,细胞丰度的平面分布和垂直分布以及群落的多样性等进行分析研究。初步鉴定浮游植物3门56属133种,硅藻占绝对优势。春季主要优势种为舟形藻(Naviculaspp.)、羽纹藻(Pinnulariaspp.)、派格棍形藻(Bacil-laria paxillifera)和曲舟藻(Pleurosigmaspp.),秋季主要优势种为笔尖根管藻(Rhizosolenia styliformis)、派格棍形藻、覆瓦根管藻(Rhizosolenia imbricata)和梭状角藻(Ceratium fusus)。春季浮游植物丰度介于0.27~5.60个/mL,平均1.22个/mL,秋季丰度介于0.88~23.90个/mL,平均7.29个/mL,次表层平均丰度最高。春季丰度与水深成显著正相关(P【0.01),与温度成正相关(P【0.05)。本调查获得的浮游植物丰度明显高于同期历史数据。春季浮游植物群落香农-威纳指数和物种丰富度指数低于秋季,均匀度高于秋季。

Water samples were collected from coastal waters south of Qingdao in Spring(March) and autumn(November) in 2007 and were analyzed.The species composition,dominant species distribution,horizontal and vertical distributions of cell abundance and community diversity were studyed.A total of 133 species belonging to 56 genera of 3 phyla were identified.Most of the species were diatoms.The dominant species were Navicula spp,Pinnularia spp,Bacillaria paxillifera and Pleurosigma spp in spring,and Rhizosolenia styliformis,Bacillaria paxillifera,Rhizosolenia imbricate and Ceratium fusus in autumn.The cell abundance of phytoplankton ranged from 0.27 to 5.60 cells/mL with an average of 1.22 cells/mL in spring and from 0.88 to 23.90 cells/mL with an average of 7.29 cells/mL in autumn.The cell abundance in sub-surface water was the highest of all layers in autumn. There was a positive correlation between cell abundance and depth(P<0.01) and a significant correlation between cell abundance and salinity(P<0.05) in spring.The cell abundance was higher than the historical data show in other areas.The Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef index in autumn were higher than those in spring and the Pielou evenness in spring was higher than that in Autumn.