太阳能发电用太阳跟踪器的设计

Design of Sun Tracker Used on Solar Battery

为提高太阳能电池光电转换率,提出了一种太阳追踪器的设计,让太阳能电池跟着阳光旋转,使太阳能电池与阳光入射角保持垂直,以达到光能最大获取率。首先提出了一种太阳跟踪器的结构设计,太阳跟踪器须在露天下工作,结构上需要较高的稳定性,设计时选择可以自锁的蜗轮蜗杆传动和滑动螺旋副,分别跟踪太阳在经度和纬度上的位置变化;其次提出了利用九个光敏电阻组成的阵列作为传感器的设计方法,并针对不同的太阳入射角设计出了2种太阳位置传感器,2个传感器配合使用,以准确确定太阳的位置;最后讨论了该设计的控制策略。经样机试验,可以较好地进行对太阳的跟踪。

For more photoelectric transformation efficiency,a sun tracker design is presented.The sun tracker follows the sun,keeping the surface of the solar battery perpendicular to the ray of the sun to obtain the greatest area of light as possible.A structure of the sun tracker is presented.Because the sun tracker works in the open air,the high stability is required.So the worm and worm gear and screw driving is selected.A design of sensor with an array of nine light dependent resistors is presented.Two types of sensors that work in different situations of the angle of the sun streams is designed.The position of sun is acquired by using the two sensors alternately.The control strategy is discussed.The sun tracker prototype is able to track the sun accurately in the experiment.