Seismic Methods Used in the CO_2 SINK Project,Ketzin Germany

The CO2 SINK project,started in April 2004,is a pilot scale CO2 geological storage project being carried out to provide operational field experience for large scale CO2 geologic storage.The research area selected for the project is the Ketzin anticline near Berlin,Germany.Since CO2 storage in geological media has to be done safely and requires public acceptance,proper monitoring systems need to be designed for each operation.Various kinds ot seismic methods can be used to map the underground tructure and monitor the movement of injected CO2,such as crosswell,vertical seismic profile（VSP）,moving source profiling（MSP）,2D and 3D surface time lapse techniques.In 2004,surface seismic sources were tested in a pilot study at the Ketzin site for the