大豆种子脂肪和蛋白质积累规律的研究

STUDY ON THE RULE OF ACCUMULATION OF OIL AND PROTEIN SOYBEAN SEED

用8—10个化学成分不同的大豆品种为试材,研究了大豆“蛋脂”形成及积累规律。在种子形成的过程中,干重的积累是递增的曲线。中早熟品种脂肪相对含量在开花后16—26天迅速增加,脂肪形成高峰在开花后36—46天。以后多数品种略有下降,或降后稍有回升,少数品种在个别年份一直缓升。蛋白质含量呈现前高、中降或降后稍有回升趋势,少数品种在个别年份稳定上升或缓降。脂肪含量初期高,成熟时亦高,蛋白质含量变化亦如此。脂肪绝对含量多呈递增曲线,少数品种在成熟时略有下降,蛋白质绝对含量变化亦如此。

Fore three years, we had conducted an experiment to study the rule of accumulation of oil and protein of soybean seed with eight soybean varieties which had different content of protein and oil. The results can be show as follows.Dry weight of soybean seeds increased in straight cumulative manner in the course of growth of seed. The relative oil content of mediurnearly varieites increased rapidly from the sixteenth day to the twenty-sixth day after flowering. High peak of oil forma- tion was from the thirty - sixth day to the fourth-sixth day after flowering . Afterwards , oil content of most soybean varieties had a slight reduction and a slight rising after the reduction. Relative protein content was higher at early stagg of seed develpoment and reduced at medium stage, and some varieties had a little rise after the reduction, and some rose steadily.In soybean varieties with same maturity, if protein content was higher in incipient period of seed development the content would be still higher in mature period. The oil was similar to protein content in developmental variation.Absolute content of oil accumulated upward in straight line manner during seed development, a few varieties had a little reduction after maturity. Variation of absolute seed protein content was similar to that of oil.