碎屑流沿坡面运动的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of clastic grain flow along a slope

根据Savage提出的碎屑流运动方程,分析了碎屑流沿坡面下滑过程中的运动特性,包括速度分布和高度分布的变化。重点考察了床面摩擦系数、土体内摩擦角、初始运动速度和坡角等因素对碎屑流运动形态的影响。研究表明,在不同的因素组合情况下,碎屑体的运动形态有明显的区别。土体内摩擦角和坡角对碎屑流的运动形态和最大运动距离影响明显。相对来说,床面摩擦角对碎屑流的最大运动距离影响不明显,这可能是因为床面摩擦只影响靠近床面的部分物质的运动。

The characteristics of clastic grain flow along a non-uniform slope have been discussed based on the controlling equation presented by Savage.The effects of bed friction coefficients,internal friction angles of clastic flow,initial velocity and the slope angle are mainly analyzed.It is shown that the movement of clustic flow is obviously different under different combinations of factors.The internal friction angle and the slope angle affect the movement configuration and the maximum movement distance obviously.However,the bed friction affects the maximum distance little because it only affects the grains near the bed.