基于分布式激光扫描仪的交叉路口交通数据采集与分析

Traffic Data Collection and Analysis for Intersection Using a Network of Laser Scanners

利用多台二维激光测距扫描仪组成分布式传感器网络,设计了一种新颖的交通数据获取系统。在此系统中,将多台激光传感器设置在路边,从不同位置、角度对通行区域进行水平扫描,根据激光数据特性设计移动目标的检测与跟踪算法,进而计算移动物体相关参数,如位置、速度、方向、类型等。为验证系统有效性,于2008年7月北京市单双号交通限行政策实施前后在市中心某交叉路口进行了两次真实数据采集试验,对试验数据进行处理输出,实现了行人和车辆的检测与跟踪。在此基础上,通过统计车辆通行轨迹,分析了交叉路口的一些交通特性。

A novel traffic data collection system was proposed using a distributed sensor network of laser scanners.Laser sensors were set on the road side to profile a traffic area horizontally from different viewpoints.Based on the characteristics of laser scanning data,the algorithm for moving object detection and tracking was developed.Thus,the state parameters of moving objects in the traffic area such as location,speed,direction and type were also estimated by this algorithm.To verify the effectiveness of the system,two experiments were conducted in a real intersection in central area of Beijing which contains plenty of vehicles and pedestrians in July 2008 during the implementation of new traffic policy.By processing the raw data,the detection and tracking of the mobile objects passing through the intersection was achieved.On this basis,the trajectories exported by data process were analyzed and the traffic flow characteristics of the intersection were summarized.