马斯洛人本主义教育功能观述评——兼谈对我国当今教育功能研究的启示

The Commentary of Maslow's Humanistic Educational Function View

本文在剖析了马斯洛人本主义心理学的基础上,探讨了他的教育功能观。马斯洛首先提出,教育应该使学生在看到外部世界同一性的同时,逐步实现自身的同一性。所以,应教育学生用整合的思维方式去发现越来越多的关于自己、他人以及整个物质世界的真理,去发现世界的统一性;其次,教育应该激发学生的灵感和培养学生的创造力;再次,教育必须具有审美价值,必须符合人性;最后,教育应使学生获得价值感,应该挖掘、激发学生的内在价值,使受教育者获得生存的意义。这些观点对我国教育功能研究中加强人文关怀,明确目标定位,拓宽研究思路,正确运用研究方法,以及动态地看待教育功能等方面都有重要的启示。

This article is based on Maslow's humanitarian psychology, and discusses his view of educational function. Maslow firstly suggests that education makes students see the identity of outer world, at the same time, make them realize the identity of themselves. Therefore, education should make students to find more and more truth about themselves, someone else and entire physical world with holistic way of thought. Secondly, education must have aesthetic values according with humanity. Finally, education should make students set up sence of worth, excavate and excite students' internal values, make students acquire existing meaning. These views have important enlightenments to reinforce humanistic concern, definitude aim orientation, broaden research thoughtfulness, exert correctly research way, and look on dynamicly revelation in research of educational function .