南京市土地利用的生态环境问题及对策

Eco-environmental Problems of Land Use and Corresponding Countermeasures in Nanjing

在综合分析南京市土地利用与生态环境关系的基础上,提出南京市目前土地利用的主要生态环境问题包括:工业与城镇集中区水环境污染比较严重,在一定程度上威胁饮用水源;重化工业及交通的快速发展导致部分地区空气污染问题突出;城市点源与面源污染物排放导致局部地区土壤污染问题严峻;建设用地与人口集聚区"热岛效应"明显;生态用地破碎化导致生态系统服务功能下降。结论认为环境友好型土地利用模式是协调土地利用与生态环境关系的关键对策,为协调两者关系,必须实施集约利用建设用地、发展"绿色工业"、划定生态敏感区、实施土地利用分区管制、构建区域生态安全格局等措施。

Based on the generalized analysis of the corresponding relations between land use and eco-environment in Nanjing,the eco-environmental problems associated with land use are proposed that present situation of water pollution in the industrialized and urbanized area is so stern that the drink water sources are in certain degree threatened; problem of air pollution in partial area associated with quickly development of heavy chemical industry and traffic is prominent; local area soil pollution appears in relation to the point and non-point pollutant release; the hot island effect in the built-up and population dense area is dramatic; the function of ecosystem service decrease because the natural and ecologic protection land is insufficient and fragmentized. The conclusion is that the environmental friendly land use pattern is the essential countermeasure to coordinate the relations between land use and eco-environment,which includes utilizing the city built-up land intensively,developping green industry,dividing ecological sensitive regions,carrying out zoning land use supervision and constructing regional ecological safety pattern.